Add child nodes to an XML node

This collection of functions allow us to add, remove and replace children from an XML node and also to and and remove attributes on an XML node. These are generic functions that work on both internal C-level XMLInternalElementNode objects and regular R-level XMLNode objects.

addChildren is similar to addNode and the two may be consolidated into a single generic function and methods in the future.

Usage

addChildren(node, ..., kids = list(...), at = NA, cdata = FALSE, append = TRUE)
removeChildren(node, ..., kids = list(...), free = FALSE)
removeNodes(node, free = rep(FALSE, length(node)))
replaceNodes(oldNode, newNode, ...)
addAttributes(node, ..., .attrs = NULL,
               suppressNamespaceWarning = getOption("suppressXMLNamespaceWarning", FALSE),
                append = TRUE)
removeAttributes(node, ..., .attrs = NULL, .namespace = FALSE,
                  .all = (length(list(...)) + length(.attrs)) == 0)
<!-- %xmlParent(node) = value -->

Arguments

node

the XML node whose state is to be modified, i.e. to which the child nodes are to be added or whose attribute list is to be changed.

...

This is for use in interactive settings when specifying a collection of values individuall. In programming contexts when one obtains the collection as a vector or list from another call, use the kids or .attrs parameter.

kids

when adding children to a node, this is a list of children nodes which should be of the same "type" (i.e. internal or R-level nodes) as the node argument. However, they can also be regular strings in which case they are converted to XML text nodes.

For removeChildren, this is again a list which identifies the child nodes to be removed using the integer identifier of the child, or the name of the XML node (but this will only remove the first such node and not necessarily do what you expect when there are multiple nodes with the same name), or the XMLInternalNode object itself.

at

if specified, an integer identifying the position in the original list of children at which the new children should be added. The children are added after that child. This can also be a vector of indices which is as long as the number of children being added and specifies the position for each child being added. If the vector is shorter than the number of children being added, it is padded with NAs and so the corresponding children are added at the end of the list.

This parameter is only implemented for internal nodes at present.

cdata

a logical value which controls whether children that are specified as strings/text are enclosed within a CDATA node when converted to actual nodes. This value is passed on to the relevant function that creates the text nodes, e.g. xmlTextNode and newXMLTextNode.

.attrs

a character vector identifying the names of the attributes. These strings can have name space prefixes, e.g. r:length and the namespaces will be resolved relative to the list supported by node to ensure those namespaces are defined.

.namespace

This is currently ignored and may never be supported. The intent is to identify on which set of attributes the operation is to perform - the name space declarations or the regular node attributes. This is a logical value indicating if TRUE that the attributes of interested are name space declarations, i.e. of the form xmlns:prefix or xmlns. If a value of FALSE is supplied this indicates that we are identifying regular attributes. Note that we can still identify attributes with a name space prefix as, e.g., ns:attr without this value

free

a logical value indicating whether to free the C-level memory associated with the child nodes that were removed. TRUE means to free that memory. This is only applicable for the internal nodes created with xmlTree and newXMLNode and related functions. It is necessary as automated garbage collection is tricky in this tree-based context spanning both R and C data structures and memory managers.

.all

a logical value indicating whether to remove all of the attributes within the XML node without having to specify them by name.

oldNode

the node which is to be replaced

newNode

the node which is to take the place of oldNode in the list of children of the parent of oldNode

suppressNamespaceWarning

a logical value or a character string. This is used to control the situation when an XML node or attribute is created with a name space prefix that currently has no definition for that node. This is not necessarily an error but can lead to one. This argument controls whether a warning is issued or if a separate function is called. A value of FALSE means not to suppress the warning and so it is issued. A value of TRUE causes the potential problem to be ignored assuming that the namespace will be added to this node or one of its ancestors at a later point. And if this value is a character string, we search for a function of that name and invoke it.

append

a logical value that indicates whether (TRUE) the specified attributes or children should be added to the existing attributes on the XML node (if any exist), or, if FALSE these should replace any existing attributes.

Value

Each of these functions returns the modified node. For an internal node, this is the same R object and only the C-level data structures have changed. For an R XMLNode object, this is is an entirely separate object from the original node. It must be inserted back into its parent "node" or context if the changes are to be seen in that wider context.

References

libxml2 http://www.xmlsoft.org

Author

Duncan Temple Lang

Examples


b = newXMLNode("bob",
              namespace = c(r = "http://www.r-project.org",
                            omg = "https://www.omegahat.net"))

cat(saveXML(b), "\n")
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net"/> 

addAttributes(b, a = 1, b = "xyz", "r:version" = "2.4.1", "omg:len" = 3)
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" a="1" b="xyz" r:version="2.4.1" omg:len="3"/> 
cat(saveXML(b), "\n")
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" a="1" b="xyz" r:version="2.4.1" omg:len="3"/> 

removeAttributes(b, "a", "r:version")
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" b="xyz" omg:len="3"/> 
cat(saveXML(b), "\n")
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" b="xyz" omg:len="3"/> 


removeAttributes(b, .attrs = names(xmlAttrs(b)))
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3"/> 


addChildren(b, newXMLNode("el", "Red", "Blue", "Green",
                           attrs = c(lang ="en")))
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3">
#>   <el lang="en">RedBlueGreen</el>
#> </bob> 

k = lapply(letters, newXMLNode)
addChildren(b, kids = k)
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3">
#>   <el lang="en">RedBlueGreen</el>
#>   <a/>
#>   <b/>
#>   <c/>
#>   <d/>
#>   <e/>
#>   <f/>
#>   <g/>
#>   <h/>
#>   <i/>
#>   <j/>
#>   <k/>
#>   <l/>
#>   <m/>
#>   <n/>
#>   <o/>
#>   <p/>
#>   <q/>
#>   <r/>
#>   <s/>
#>   <t/>
#>   <u/>
#>   <v/>
#>   <w/>
#>   <x/>
#>   <y/>
#>   <z/>
#> </bob> 

cat(saveXML(b), "\n")
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3">
#>   <el lang="en">RedBlueGreen</el>
#>   <a/>
#>   <b/>
#>   <c/>
#>   <d/>
#>   <e/>
#>   <f/>
#>   <g/>
#>   <h/>
#>   <i/>
#>   <j/>
#>   <k/>
#>   <l/>
#>   <m/>
#>   <n/>
#>   <o/>
#>   <p/>
#>   <q/>
#>   <r/>
#>   <s/>
#>   <t/>
#>   <u/>
#>   <v/>
#>   <w/>
#>   <x/>
#>   <y/>
#>   <z/>
#> </bob> 

removeChildren(b, "a", "b", "c", "z")
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3">
#>   <el lang="en">RedBlueGreen</el>
#>   <d/>
#>   <e/>
#>   <f/>
#>   <g/>
#>   <h/>
#>   <i/>
#>   <j/>
#>   <k/>
#>   <l/>
#>   <m/>
#>   <n/>
#>   <o/>
#>   <p/>
#>   <q/>
#>   <r/>
#>   <s/>
#>   <t/>
#>   <u/>
#>   <v/>
#>   <w/>
#>   <x/>
#>   <y/>
#> </bob> 

  # can mix numbers and names
removeChildren(b, 2, "e")  # d and e
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3">
#>   <el lang="en">RedBlueGreen</el>
#>   <f/>
#>   <g/>
#>   <h/>
#>   <i/>
#>   <j/>
#>   <k/>
#>   <l/>
#>   <m/>
#>   <n/>
#>   <o/>
#>   <p/>
#>   <q/>
#>   <r/>
#>   <s/>
#>   <t/>
#>   <u/>
#>   <v/>
#>   <w/>
#>   <x/>
#>   <y/>
#> </bob> 

cat(saveXML(b), "\n")
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3">
#>   <el lang="en">RedBlueGreen</el>
#>   <f/>
#>   <g/>
#>   <h/>
#>   <i/>
#>   <j/>
#>   <k/>
#>   <l/>
#>   <m/>
#>   <n/>
#>   <o/>
#>   <p/>
#>   <q/>
#>   <r/>
#>   <s/>
#>   <t/>
#>   <u/>
#>   <v/>
#>   <w/>
#>   <x/>
#>   <y/>
#> </bob> 


i = xmlChildren(b)[[5]]
xmlName(i)
#> [1] "i"

 # have the identifiers
removeChildren(b, kids = c("m", "n", "q"))
#> <bob xmlns:r="http://www.r-project.org" xmlns:omg="https://www.omegahat.net" omg:len="3">
#>   <el lang="en">RedBlueGreen</el>
#>   <f/>
#>   <g/>
#>   <h/>
#>   <i/>
#>   <j/>
#>   <k/>
#>   <l/>
#>   <o/>
#>   <p/>
#>   <r/>
#>   <s/>
#>   <t/>
#>   <u/>
#>   <v/>
#>   <w/>
#>   <x/>
#>   <y/>
#> </bob> 



x <- xmlNode("a", 
               xmlNode("b", "1"),
               xmlNode("c", "1"),
         "some basic text")

v = removeChildren(x, "b")

  # remove c and b
v = removeChildren(x, "c", "b")

  # remove the text and "c" leaving just b
v = removeChildren(x, 3, "c")

if (FALSE) { # \dontrun{
    # this won't work as the 10 gets coerced to a 
    # character vector element to be combined with 'w'
    # and there is no node name 10.
 removeChildren(b, kids = c(10, "w"))
} # }


 # for R-level nodes (not internal)

z = xmlNode("arg", attrs = c(default="TRUE"),
              xmlNode("name", "foo"), xmlNode("defaultValue","1:10"))

o = addChildren(z,
                "some text",
                xmlNode("a", "a link",
                         attrs = c(href = "https://www.omegahat.net/RSXML")))
o
#> <arg default="TRUE">
#>  <name>foo</name>
#>  <defaultValue>1:10</defaultValue>
#>  some text
#>  <a href="https://www.omegahat.net/RSXML">a link</a>
#> </arg>


  # removing nodes

 doc = xmlParse("<top><a/><b/><c><d/><e>bob</e></c></top>")
 top = xmlRoot(doc)
 top
#> <top>
#>   <a/>
#>   <b/>
#>   <c>
#>     <d/>
#>     <e>bob</e>
#>   </c>
#> </top> 
 
 removeNodes(list(top[[1]], top[[3]]))
#> NULL

    # a and c have disappeared.
 top
#> <top>
#>   <b/>
#> </top>