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MACD Oscillator

Source: R/MACD.R
MACD.Rd

The MACD was developed by Gerald Appel and is probably the most popular price oscillator. The MACD function documented in this page compares a fast moving average (MA) of a series with a slow MA of the same series. It can be used as a generic oscillator for any univariate series, not only price.

Usage

MACD(x, nFast = 12, nSlow = 26, nSig = 9, maType, percent = TRUE, ...)

Arguments

x

Object that is coercible to xts or matrix; usually price, but can be volume, etc.

nFast

Number of periods for fast moving average.

nSlow

Number of periods for slow moving average.

nSig

Number of periods for signal moving average.

maType

Either:

  1. A function or a string naming the function to be called.

  2. A list with the first component like (1) above, and additional parameters specified as named components. See Examples.

percent

logical; if TRUE, the percentage difference between the fast and slow moving averages is returned, otherwise the difference between the respective averages is returned.

...

Other arguments to be passed to the maType function in case (1) above.

Value

A object of the same class as x or a matrix (if try.xts fails) containing the columns:

macd

The price (volume, etc.) oscillator.

signal

The oscillator signal line (a moving average of the oscillator).

Details

The MACD function either subtracts the fast MA from the slow MA, or finds the rate of change between the fast MA and the slow MA.

Note

The MACD is a special case of the general oscillator applied to price. The MACD can be used as a general oscillator applied to any series. Time periods for the MACD are often given as 26 and 12, but the original formula used exponential constants of 0.075 and 0.15, which are closer to 25.6667 and 12.3333 periods.

References

The following site(s) were used to code/document this indicator:
Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD):
https://www.fmlabs.com/reference/MACD.htm
https://www.metastock.com/Customer/Resources/TAAZ/?p=66
https://www.linnsoft.com/techind/macd
https://school.stockcharts.com/doku.php?id=technical_indicators:moving_average_convergence_divergence_macd

Price Oscillator:
https://www.fmlabs.com/reference/PriceOscillator.htm
https://www.fmlabs.com/reference/PriceOscillatorPct.htm
https://www.metastock.com/Customer/Resources/TAAZ/?p=94
https://school.stockcharts.com/doku.php?id=technical_indicators:price_oscillators_ppo

Volume Oscillator:
https://www.fmlabs.com/reference/PVO.htm
https://www.metastock.com/Customer/Resources/TAAZ/?p=122

See also

See EMA, SMA, etc. for moving average options; and note Warning section.

Author

Joshua Ulrich

Examples


 data(ttrc)

 macd  <- MACD( ttrc[,"Close"], 12, 26, 9, maType="EMA" )
 macd2 <- MACD( ttrc[,"Close"], 12, 26, 9,
          maType=list(list(SMA), list(EMA, wilder=TRUE), list(SMA)) )